What Are Ground-Mounted Solar Panels?Types of Ground-Mounted Solar PanelsAdvantages of Ground-Mounted Solar PanelsDisadvantages of Ground-Mounted Solar PanelsGround-Mounted vs Roof-Mounted Solar PanelsDo You Need Planning Permission for Ground-Mounted Solar Panels?How Much Do Ground-Mounted Solar Panels Cost?Do Ground-Mounted Solar Panels Qualify for Government Grants?Things to Consider Before Installing Ground-Mounted Solar PanelsGround-Mounted Solar Panels FAQs
What Are Ground-Mounted Solar Panels?Types of Ground-Mounted Solar PanelsAdvantages of Ground-Mounted Solar PanelsDisadvantages of Ground-Mounted Solar PanelsGround-Mounted vs Roof-Mounted Solar PanelsDo You Need Planning Permission for Ground-Mounted Solar Panels?How Much Do Ground-Mounted Solar Panels Cost?Do Ground-Mounted Solar Panels Qualify for Government Grants?Things to Consider Before Installing Ground-Mounted Solar PanelsGround-Mounted Solar Panels FAQs
Ground-mounted solar panels are an effective alternative for those who are unable to install rooftop solar panels or prefer not to. Unlike rooftop installations, these systems are placed directly on the ground, making them suitable for properties with ample outdoor space. By choosing ground-mounted solar panels, you can take advantage of sunlight to generate electricity, reduce your energy bills and contribute to a more sustainable future - reaping all the same benefits you would receive with rooftop solar panels.
Also, ground-mounted systems often allow for greater flexibility in terms of panel orientation and tilt, maximising energy production throughout the year. This option can also be particularly beneficial for larger properties, agricultural land or businesses where space is not a constraint and solar energy can be integrated seamlessly into the existing landscape.
In this article, we'll guide you through the benefits, considerations and planning requirements of ground-mounted solar panels to ensure all your questions are answered about this increasingly popular renewable energy solution.
Ground-mounted solar panels are photovoltaic systems installed directly on the ground rather than on a roof. This type of installation allows for greater flexibility in positioning which enables you to orient the panels to capture the maximum amount of sunlight throughout the day.
Ground-mounted systems can also be particularly beneficial for properties with a lot of outdoor space, such as gardens or fields, where rooftop installations may not be feasible due to shading or structural limitations. These systems work by converting sunlight into electricity through solar cells, like rooftop panels, and can be tailored in size and configuration to meet specific energy needs.
Think rooftop solar panels could be a better match for your needs? Check out our guide on roof suitability to find out more.
There are two main types of ground-mounted solar panels to be aware of:
Rack-mounted: These systems use metal framing driven into the ground to support your solar panels at a fixed angle. Rack-mounted panels are simple to install and generally cheaper than pole-mounted options. Some rack-mounted arrays can be manually adjusted a few times a year to account for seasonal changes in the sun's position. While they take up more space than pole-mounted systems, they're generally easier to maintain.
Pole mounts: Pole mounts feature a single, sturdy vertical pole that supports multiple solar panels, positioning them significantly higher above ground level compared to traditional rack-mounted installations. Pole-mounted systems often incorporate tracking systems which allows the panels to automatically tilt and follow the sun's movement throughout the day. Pole mounts take up less space than rack-mounted systems and can be more efficient but they're typically more harder to maintain.
Both types of ground-mounted solar panels offer advantages over roof-mounted systems, such as easier access for maintenance and the ability to position panels for optimal sunlight exposure.
✔ Increased Efficiency: Ground-mounted solar panels can be positioned at optimal angles and orientations, allowing for maximum sunlight exposure, which often results in higher energy production compared to rooftop systems.
✔ Flexible Installation: These systems can be installed in locations with limited roof space or shading issues which provides greater flexibility in design and placement.
✔ Easier Maintenance: Ground-mounted panels are more accessible for cleaning and maintenance which reduces the risk of damage and ensures optimal performance without the need for precarious roof access.
✔ Lower Operating Temperatures: Positioned closer to the ground, these panels tend to stay cooler than rooftop installations, which could enhance their efficiency and longevity.
✔ Scalability: Ground-mounted systems can easily be expanded to accommodate additional panels which makes them suitable for larger energy needs or future growth.
✔ Bifacial Panel Capability: Ground mounts allow for the installation of bifacial solar panels, which can capture sunlight from both sides, further increasing energy generation.
✔ Potential Cost Savings: Although initial installation costs may be higher, ground-mounted systems can lead to significant long-term savings on energy bills due to their efficiency and lower maintenance requirements.
❌ Higher Upfront Costs: Ground-mounted solar panel systems typically cost more to install than roof-mounted systems due to the additional materials and labour required for mounting structures and site preparation. Expect to pay more for the support structures and potential trench work for cables.
❌ Space Requirements: These systems require a significant amount of land which may not be available for all properties.
❌ Planning Permission: You will almost certainly need planning permission to install a ground-based solar energy system. Systems larger than nine square metres require formal approval.
❌ Visual Impact: Some people may find that a large array of solar panels in your garden is not aesthetically pleasing. Consider consulting with your neighbours as they may not appreciate the appearance of a large glass display.
❌ Security Concerns: Ground-mounted solar panels are more accessible and could be targets for vandalism or theft. If the land is easily accessible, components are easier to steal.
❌ Potential Shading: Ground-mounted systems are more susceptible to shading from trees, buildings and other obstacles which can reduce their efficiency.
❌ Environmental Impact: Installing a ground-based system may involve removing healthy trees and plants.
Ground-mounted systems are installed on your property using a frame or pole structure while roof-mounted panels are attached directly to your home's roof. Ground-mounted panels offer flexibility in positioning for optimal sunlight exposure and are easier to access for maintenance but they require available land space and may be more expensive to install.
Roof-mounted systems, on the other hand, utilise existing roof space, are generally less expensive and can be more aesthetically pleasing as they blend with your home's structure. However, they may be limited by your roof's orientation, angle and structural integrity.
| Aspect | Ground-Mounted Solar Panels | Roof-Mounted Solar Panels |
|---|---|---|
| Location | On the ground using frames or poles | Directly on the roof |
| Space | Needs open land area | Uses existing roof space |
| Positioning Flexibility | Can be positioned for optimal sun exposure | Limited by roof orientation and angle |
| Installation Cost | Generally higher due to additional structures | Usually lower, utilising existing roof |
| Maintenance | Easier to access and clean | May be more difficult to reach |
| Visual Impact | More visible on property | Less noticeable, blends with roof |
| Expandability | Easier to expand system size | Limited by available roof space |
| Shading Issues | Can be placed away from shade sources | May be affected by roof obstructions |
| Planning Permission | May require planning permission | Typically does not require planning permission |
| Energy Production | Can be optimised for maximum output | May be slightly less efficient due to fixed position |
When considering the installation of ground-mounted solar panels in the UK, it is essential to understand the planning permission requirements. In general, most homeowners will not need planning permission for solar panels.
However, specific conditions apply to ground-mounted systems. If your installation exceeds nine square metres in size, you will need to apply for planning permission. You will also need planning permission if the solar panels are to be installed in a conservation area, on a listed building or in an area of outstanding natural beauty. Also, planning permission may be required if the installation would be visible from a highway or if it would significantly alter the appearance of your property.
To ensure you meet all the necessary requirements and submit your application efficiently, you can use the Planning Portal.
Typically, a standard 4kW solar panel system costs between £5,000 and £6,000. However, ground-mounted installations generally cost more. A typical ground-mounted solar system could cost you between £8,000 and £10,000. This increased expense is due to several factors.
First, ground-mounted systems require a separate supporting structure to be built from scratch as they can't rely on an existing roof for support. This structure needs to be anchored securely into the ground to ensure stability. Also, ground-mounted panels often need longer wires to connect to your home's electrical system and these wires usually need to be trenched underground for protection. The installation process for ground-mounted systems is also more labour-intensive, often requiring more time and materials.
There are several government grants and incentives available to help offset the cost of solar panel installation. While there are none specific to ground-mounted solar panels, these programs aim to encourage the adoption of renewable energy sources and can make your investment more affordable. Here's an overview of the key grants and incentives that apply:
You can benefit from a 0% solar VAT rate on the installation of ground-mounted solar panels. This tax relief, introduced in April 2022, will remain in effect until March 31, 2027. After this date, the VAT rate will increase to 5%, which is still lower than the standard rate. This incentive can significantly reduce the overall cost of your solar panel installation.
If you meet specific eligibility criteria, you may qualify for the ECO4 scheme, which runs from April 2022 to March 2026. This program can cover up to 100% of the cost for new solar panel installations including ground-mounted systems. To be eligible, your home typically needs to have a low EPC rating (usually 'D' or below) and an existing electric heating system. You must also be receiving certain benefits or meet income requirements.
The Smart Export Guarantee (SEG) allows you to earn money for the excess electricity your ground-mounted solar panels generate and export back to the grid. This scheme, which began in 2020, is ongoing and doesn't have a set end date. To qualify, your solar panel system must be MCS-certified. You'll also need a meter capable of providing half-hourly readings for electricity export, typically a smart meter.
Want to learn more? Explore our comprehensive guide to solar panel grants and incentives.
Before installing ground-mounted solar panels, you should carefully consider several important factors to ensure the best outcome for your investment. Here are key points to keep in mind:
Available space: Assess your property to determine if you have sufficient open area for the panels. Ground-mounted systems require more space than roof-mounted ones so ensure you have enough land without compromising other uses.
Sunlight exposure: Evaluate the proposed installation site for optimal sunlight. Ground-mounted panels offer flexibility in positioning which allows you to maximise sun exposure throughout the day.
Planning permission: Check your planning permission requirements. Some areas have specific restrictions for ground-mounted solar installations.
Soil conditions: The stability of your soil affects the installation process. Certain soil types may require additional foundation work to ensure the panels remain secure.
Landscaping impact: Consider how the installation might affect your current landscaping and future plans for your outdoor space.
Maintenance access: Think about how easily you'll be able to access the panels for cleaning and maintenance. Ground-mounted systems are generally easier to maintain than roof-mounted ones.
Cable routing: Plan how you'll connect the panels to your home's electrical system. This may involve trenching to bury cables which could add to the installation cost.
Security: Consider potential security measures as ground-mounted panels may be more accessible to theft or vandalism than roof-mounted systems.
Future expansion: If you think you might want to expand your system in the future, ground-mounted panels often offer more flexibility for adding capacity.
Ground-mounted solar panels can be more efficient than roof-mounted systems because they can be positioned for optimal sun exposure and are easier to keep cool which improves their performance.
The space required for ground-mounted solar panels depends on your energy needs and the system's size. Generally, you'll need more space than for a roof-mounted system but the exact area varies based on your specific requirements.
Ground-mounted solar panels could potentially increase the perceived value of your property by providing a source of renewable energy, though the impact may vary depending on your local real estate market.
When properly installed, ground-mounted solar panels are designed to withstand various weather conditions including high winds and heavy snow loads.
Ground-mounted solar panels typically have a lifespan similar to roof-mounted systems with many manufacturers offering warranties of 25 years or more.
